Network charts/Transaction Batching

Transaction Batching

Daily average inputs and outputs per transaction

Linear: equal distances are equal differences, so 0 to 100 takes the same height as 100 to 200. Logarithmic: equal distances are equal ratios, so each step up is a multiplication, and only positive values can be drawn. A series spanning several orders of magnitude, such as price or difficulty, shows its early years on a log axis and flattens into a line along the bottom on a linear one.

Short ranges plot one point per block, about one every ten minutes. Longer ranges plot one point per day, computed from every block in that day. How it is computed depends on the chart: some average, some total the day up, some are a ratio of the day's sums, and each chart says which. Either way a brief spike inside a day is smoothed away.

Loading chart data...

Key factsCalculated from the points currently plotted, so they follow the range you pick. Zooming with the slider changes only what you see, not these.

over selected range

OverlaysExtra context drawn on top of the chart. Event markers are vertical lines at dated moments; a comparison series is a second set of numbers on its own axis at the right.

Event markers

Every 210,000 blocks, roughly every four years, the block subsidy halves. Fees are the other part of what a miner collects and do not halve with it. Four halvings have happened so far.

A BIP is a Bitcoin Improvement Proposal: a design document for a change to the protocol. These lines mark the dates that proposals such as SegWit and Taproot became active on the network.

Releases of Bitcoin Core, the software most nodes run. A release does not change consensus rules by itself, but it often changes what transactions a node will relay, which can show up in these charts.

Dated moments outside the protocol that moved the numbers: exchange failures, country-level bans, the first Ordinals inscriptions.

Comparison series

The BTC price in US dollars, drawn on its own axis on the right. Sampled every 4 days, which is all the source provides for the full history, so a range shorter than that cannot draw it. Price crosses six orders of magnitude, so it usually wants the logarithmic setting beside it.

The total size of the block chain on disk, growing as blocks are added. An archival node keeps every byte of it; a pruned one verifies the same blocks and then discards the old ones.

Compare with

one at a time: they share the right axis

RelatedCharts measuring the same thing or covering the same part of the network, for reading this one in context.

Transaction Density Address Type Count Address Type Share Avg Transaction Size

Get this data

CSV and JSON take the selected range without overlay series. PNG captures the chart as it looks now.

About this metric

Definition

How many inputs and outputs a typical transaction has. A payment with one input and two outputs, one of them change, is the ordinary shape. A higher output count means one transaction created more outputs, which spreads its fixed overhead across more of them. Who sent it, and whether a given output was a payment or change, is not in this data. Currently around 2.3 outputs and 1.7 inputs per transaction.

How it is measured

A higher output count per transaction is consistent with batching, where one transaction pays many recipients, but nothing here identifies the sender or separates a payment from a change output. A typical non-batched transaction has 1-2 inputs and 2 outputs (payment + change).

Measured from my own Bitcoin node. Methodology