Fees charts/Fee Pressure vs Block Space

Fee Pressure vs Block Space

Each block placed by how full it was and what its middle transaction paid

Linear: equal distances are equal differences, so 0 to 100 takes the same height as 100 to 200. Logarithmic: equal distances are equal ratios, so each step up is a multiplication, and only positive values can be drawn. A series spanning several orders of magnitude, such as price or difficulty, shows its early years on a log axis and flattens into a line along the bottom on a linear one.

Short ranges plot one point per block, about one every ten minutes. Longer ranges plot one point per day, computed from every block in that day. How it is computed depends on the chart: some average, some total the day up, some are a ratio of the day's sums, and each chart says which. Either way a brief spike inside a day is smoothed away.

Not available at this range

This chart is computed per block. Pick 1M or shorter.

Key factsCalculated from the points currently plotted, so they follow the range you pick. Zooming with the slider changes only what you see, not these.

over selected range

OverlaysExtra context drawn on top of the chart. Event markers are vertical lines at dated moments; a comparison series is a second set of numbers on its own axis at the right.

Event markers

Every 210,000 blocks, roughly every four years, the block subsidy halves. Fees are the other part of what a miner collects and do not halve with it. Four halvings have happened so far.

A BIP is a Bitcoin Improvement Proposal: a design document for a change to the protocol. These lines mark the dates that proposals such as SegWit and Taproot became active on the network.

Releases of Bitcoin Core, the software most nodes run. A release does not change consensus rules by itself, but it often changes what transactions a node will relay, which can show up in these charts.

Dated moments outside the protocol that moved the numbers: exchange failures, country-level bans, the first Ordinals inscriptions.

Comparison series

The BTC price in US dollars, drawn on its own axis on the right. Sampled every 4 days, which is all the source provides for the full history, so a range shorter than that cannot draw it. Price crosses six orders of magnitude, so it usually wants the logarithmic setting beside it.

The total size of the block chain on disk, growing as blocks are added. An archival node keeps every byte of it; a pruned one verifies the same blocks and then discards the old ones.

one at a time: they share the right axis

RelatedCharts measuring the same thing or covering the same part of the network, for reading this one in context.

Fee Rate Bands Fee Spike Detector Median Fee Rate Avg Fee per Transaction

Get this data

CSV and JSON take the selected range without overlay series. PNG captures the chart as it looks now.

About this metric

Definition

Each dot is one block, placed by how full it was and what its middle transaction paid. Two things a reader might expect to move together, plotted against each other so it is visible when they do not.

How it is measured

Each dot is one block. X-axis shows how full the block is (weight utilization %), Y-axis shows the median fee rate. Top-right is a full block whose median fee rate was also high; bottom-right is a full block at a low rate, which is most of them; top-left is a high rate in a block that was not full. The pair of coordinates is what the chart shows. It does not establish why either number was what it was, and a block's fullness is set by what the miner included rather than by demand alone.

Measured from my own Bitcoin node. Methodology